τῶν τοιούτων τ

σύνοδος (A), ὁ, ἡ,

A = συνοδοιπόρος, AP7.635 (Antiphil.), Arr.Epict. 2.14.8, 3.21.5, Certamen 245, Man.5.58.

------------------------------------

σύνοδος (B), ἡ,

A assembly, meeting, esp. for deliberation, Orac. ap. Hdt.9.43, And.1.47, Th.1.96, 119, IG42(1).68.93 (Epid., iv B.C.), etc.;

ξ. Ἀχαιῶν E.Hec. 107

(anap.);

σ. κώμης BGU1648.6

(ii A.D.);

σ. συλλεγῆναι Hdt.9.27

;

ποιῆσαι Ar.Th. 301

(prose decree);

ἀπὸ κοινῶν ξ. βουλεύειν Th.1.97

; ἐκ τῶν ξ. Id.5.17; σ. πρὸς τῷ διαιτητῇ meeting of parties in court, D.54.29: pl., of political clubs or conspiracies, Sol.4.22, Ar.Eq. 477, Th.3.82, Pl.Tht. 173d; ἑταιρείας μὴ ποιεῖσθε μηδὲ ς. Isoc.3.54; also of private meetings or gatherings for discussion, διαλεκτικαὶ ς. Arist.Top. 159a32; of synods of the church, Cod.Just.1.1.7.12.

2 national gathering, Th.3.104, Pl.Smp. 197d; αἱ ἀρχαῖαι θυσίαι καὶ ς. Arist.EN 1160a26: hence, society for festal purposes,

τῶν ἐρανιστῶν IG22.1369.32

;

τῶν μυστῶν SIG851.25

(Smyrna, ii A.D.);

τῶν Ἀσκλαπιαστᾶν IG42(1).679

(Epid.).

3 company, guild,

τεχνιτᾶν SIG698.1

(Delph., ii B.C.); [ συγγεωργῶν] Sammelb.7457.5,9 (ii B.C.); athletic club, OGI486.17 (Pergam., ii A.D.), 713.9 (Alexandria, iii A.D.); ἡ ἱερὰ ξυστικὴ περιπολιστικὴ.. ς. PLond.3.1178.38 (ii A.D.), cf. POxy.908.9 (ii A.D.), IG22.1350.

4 in hostile sense, meeting of two armies, Ar.Ra. 1532, Th.3.107, 5.70, X.An.1.10.7, etc.

5 = συνουσία, sexual intercourse, Arist.HA 541a31, Clearch.49, Ph.1.148, Plu.Lyc. 15, Gal.15.47.

II of things, coming together, constriction, κυάνεαι σύνοδοι θαλάσσας, of the straits of the Bosporus, E.IT 393 (lyr.); ἡ σ. τοῦ πλησίον ἀλλήλων τεθῆναι the coming together resulting from juxtaposition, Pl.Phd. 97a; ἡ τῆς πιλήσεως ς. Id.Ti. 58b; ἡ τοῦ ὕδατος ς., viz. ice, ib. 61a; ὅσον διαχυτικὸν.. τῶν περὶ τὸ στόμα ς. whatever relaxes.. constriction in the organ of taste, ib. 60b;

ἀναγκαῖον τῶν τοιούτων γίνεσθαι σύνοδον, ἀλλ' οὐ διὰ ψύξιν Arist. GA 764b7

; ἡ εἰς αὑτὸν ς. contraction of a muscle, Gal.UP12.8, cf. Id.4.391; ἡ σ. ἡ κατὰ [τὴν οὐσίαν] λεγομένη the union of matter and form, viz. the concrete object, Arist.Metaph. 1033b17; concourse, assemblage,

παθῶν Longin.10.3

; of the parts of the foetus, Sor.2.64; combination of numbers, Theol.Ar.8;

σημείων Gal.16.505

.

2 Astron., conjunction,

τῶν πλανήτων καὶ πρὸς αὑτοὺς καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἀπλανεῖς Arist. Mete. 343b30

; of the sun and moon, Plu.2.269c, IG14.2126 ([place name] Rome);

ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης Gal.18(2).240

;

σ. ἐκλειπτικὴ σελήνης πρὸς ἥλιον Plu. Rom.12

; αἱ ς., of the times of new moon, Zeno Stoic.1.34;

αἱ τῶν μηνῶν σ. ψυχραὶ διὰ τὴν τῆς σελήνης ἀπόλειψιν Arist.GA 738a20

, cf. Thphr.Sign.5, LXX De.33.14.

3 Gramm., construction, A.D.Synt. 28.11, al.

III incoming of revenue,

χρημάτων σύνοδοι Hdt.1.64

; revenues, ἀπὸ τῶν ς. IG11(4).1217 ([place name] Delos); τῶν φερόντων τὴν σ. τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ ξενίου ib.22.1012.15 (ii B.C.); οἱ τὴν σ. φέροντες τῷ θεῷ ib.22.1326.6. (Written sunhod-, i.e. συνὁδ-, in a Latin inscr., CIL12.2519.2,3,4 (i B.C.(?)); also synhod-, ib.6, IG14.2495 ([place name] Nemausus), CIL12.3183 (ibid.), 6.10117 ([place name] Rome).)

καταμαντ-εύομαι,

A foretell against or about one,

τι τῶν ἐχθρῶν J.BJ 4.4.6

; < αὐτὸς> αὑτοῦ σιωπὴν κ. Ath.15.686c; τοῦτο τῇ πόλει, c. [tense] fut. inf., App.Pun.77.

2 divine, surmise,

ἐκ τῶν προγεγονότων τὰ μέλλοντα -μαντευόμενοι κρίνομεν Arist.Rh. 1368a31

;

κ. τὸ μέλλον Plb.2

. 22.7, etc.: c. gen.,

ἰητροῦ ἐστι -μαντεύσασθαι τῶν τοιούτων Hp.Art.9

;

κ. τῆς τῶν ποιημάτων διανοίας Ath.14.634d

;

τοῦ εἰκότως συμβαίνοντος Hierocl. in CA10p.437M.

;

κ. περὶ τῶν γυναικῶν, ὁποῖαι.. Nicostr.

ap.Stob.4.22.102, cf. Gal.15.907;

ὑπέρ τινος Onos.36.2

.

ἐμπειρ-ία, ἡ,

A experience, E.Ph. 529, Th.4.10; opp. ἀνεπιστημοσύνη, Id.5.7; ἡ ἐκ πολλοῦ ἐ., opp. ἡ δι' ὀλίγου μελέτη, Id.2.85; ἡ μὴ 'μπειρία want of experience, Ar.Ec. 115;

δι' ἐμπειρίαν Pl.Prm. 137a

;

ἐπιστήμῃ, οὐκ ἐμπειρία οἰκείᾳ κεχρημένον Id.R. 409b

: pl., D. Prooem.45.

2 c. gen. rei, experience in, acquaintance with,

τῶν πραγμάτων Antipho5.1

;

μάχης ἐμπειρίᾳ τῆς ἐκείνων Th.3.95

;

ἀμφοτέρων τῶν ἡδονῶν Pl.R. 582b

; also

ἐ. περί τι X.HG7.1.4

;

ἐ. ἡ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν Th.2.3

;

ἐ. ἡγεμονική Plb.10.24.4

, etc.

II practice, without knowledge of principles, esp. in Medicine, empiricism,

ἰατρὸς τῶν ταῖς ἐμπειρίαις ἄνευ λόγου τὴν ἰατρικὴν μεταχειριζομένων Pl.Lg. 857c

(hence

οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐ. ἰατροί S.E.M.8.191

, Gal.Sect.Intr.1); κατ' ἐμπειρίαν τὴν τέχνην κτᾶσθαι empirically, Pl.Lg. 720b;

οὐκ ἔστιν τέχνη, ἀλλ' ἐ. καὶ τριβή Id.Grg. 463b

, cf. 465a, Lg. 938a (whereas Plb. opposes ἐ. to

ἀπειρία καὶ τριβὴ ἄλογος 1.84.6

): but also,

2 craft,

τοῖς περὶ τὰς ἐ. γεγυμνασμένοις Isoc.13.14

; πραγμάτων ἐ., including τέχνη and

ἐπιστήμη Metrod.61

; αἱ ἄλλαι ἐ. καὶ τέχναι the other crafts and arts, Arist.Pol. 1282a1; αἱ περὶ τῶν τοιούτων ἐ. ib. 1297b20; also, experiments,

πολλαὶ τέχναι ἐκ τῶν ἐ. ηὑρημέναι Pl.Grg. 448c

.

πολῑτ-ευμα, ατος, τό,

A business of government, act of administration, D.18.108, 136: more freq. in pl., measures of government or institutions, Pl.Lg. 945d, Isoc.7.78;

τῶν τοιούτων π. οὐδὲν πολιτεύομαι D.8.71

; ἔν τε τοῖς κατὰ τὴν πόλιν π. καὶ ἐν τοῖς Ἑλληνικοῖς both in my home and foreign policy, Id.18.109;

κάλλιστον π. ἐποιήσατο IG42(1).81.9

(Epid., i A. D.); π. Catonis Cic.Att.6.1.13, cf.9.7.3.

II the concrete of

πολιτεία 111

, the government,

π. ἐστὶν ἡ πολιτεία Arist.Pol. 1278b11

, cf. 1279a26, 1283b31, etc.; οἱ ἐν π. the citizens, ib. 1303b26, cf. 1305b34;

τὸ τῆς δημοκρατίας π. Aeschin.2.172

;

τὸ πάτριον π. Plb.5.9.9

, cf. 4.25.7 (pl.); π. ἀκέραια, σωφρονικά, Id.1.13.12, D.H.1.41;

τὰ π.

free republics,

D.S.18.69

; form of government, πολίτεομα (sic)

εἶναι ἐν Χίῳ δῆμον SIG283.3

(Edict of Alexander, Chios, iv B.C.), cf. Decr.[dialect] Att. ap. Plu.2.851f.

III citizen rights, citizenship,

ἀξίους τοῦ παρ' ὑμῖν π. IG9(2).517.6

(Larissa, Epist. Philipp. V), etc.: metaph.,

ἡμῶν τὸ π. ἐν οὐρανοῖς ὑπάρχει Ep.Phil.3.20

.

IV concrete, body of citizens,

τὸ π. τὸ Μιλησίων SIG633.59

(Milet., ii B. C.), cf. OGI229.60 (Smyrna, iii B.C.), etc.; souereign body, Arist.Pol. 1302b16, 1332b31;

π. ἔστω οἱ μύριοι Abh.Berl.Akad.1925

(5).6 ([place name] Cyrene); πᾶν τὸ π. ib.7.

2 corporate body of citizens resident in a foreign city, Καυνίων τὸ π. (at Sidon) OGI592;

τὸ π. τῶν ἐν Βερενίκῃ Ἰουδαίων CIG5361.21

; τὸ π. τῶν Κρητῶν (in Egypt) PTeb.32.17 (ii B.C.).

b generally, corporate body, association,

τὸ π. τῶν γυναικῶν BCH15.182

,205 ([place name] Panamara); τὸ π. τινός founded by a person, Sammelb. 5793 (i A.D.).

ἐξᾰμελέω,

A to be utterly careless of,

τινός Hdt.1.97

: abs., show no care, be negligent,

ἐπὶ τῶν γυναικῶν Arist.Pol. 1269b22

:—[voice] Pass.impers.,

ἐξημέληται περὶ τῶν τοιούτων

no care is taken..,

Id.EN 1180a27

;

ἐξημέλητο τὰ τῶν θεῶν αὐτοῖς Plu.Cam.18

; ἐξαμελουμένων [τῶν παίδων] being uncared for, Arist.EN 1180a30;

- ούμενον ἅπαν χεῖρον γίγνεται Thphr.HP3.2.2

.

νόμος, ου, ὁ (νέμω; [Zenodotus reads ν. in Od. 1, 3] Hes.+; loanw. in rabb.—On the history of the word MPohlenz, Nomos: Philol 97, ’48, 135–42; GShipp, Nomos ‘Law’ ’78; MOstwald, Nomos and the Beginnings of Athenian Democracy ’69). The primary mng. relates to that which is conceived as standard or generally recognized rules of civilized conduct esp. as sanctioned by tradition (Pind., Fgm. 152, 1=169 Schr. νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς; cp. SEG XVII, 755, 16: Domitian is concerned about oppressive practices hardening into ‘custom’; MGigante, ΝΟΜΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ [Richerche filologiche 1] ’56). The synonym ἔθος (cp. συνήθεια) denotes that which is habitual or customary, especially in reference to personal behavior. In addition to rules that take hold through tradition, the state or other legislating body may enact ordinances that are recognized by all concerned and in turn become legal tradition. A special semantic problem for modern readers encountering the term ν. is the general tendency to confine the usage of the term ‘law’ to codified statutes. Such limitation has led to much fruitless debate in the history of NT interpretation.—HRemus, Sciences Religieuses/Studies in Religion 13, ’84, 5–18; ASegal, Torah and Nomos in Recent Scholarly Discussion, ibid., 19–27.

① a procedure or practice that has taken hold, a custom, rule, principle, norm (Alcman [VII B.C.], Fgm. 93 D² of the tune that the bird sings; Ocellus [II B.C.] c. 49 Harder [1926] τῆς φύσεως νόμος; Appian, Basil. 1 §2 πολέμου ν., Bell. Civ. 5, 44 §186 ἐκ τοῦδε τοῦ σοῦ νόμου=under this rule of yours that governs action; Polyaenus 5, 5, 3 ν. πόμπης; 7, 11, 6 ν. φιλίας; Sextus 123 τοῦ βίου νόμος; Just., A II, 2, 4 παρὰ τὸν τῆς φύσεως ν.; Ath. 3, 1 νόμῳ φύσεως; 13, 1 θυσιῶν νόμῳ)

ⓐ gener. κατὰ νόμον ἐντολῆς σαρκίνης in accordance w. the rule of an external commandment Hb 7:16. εὑρίσκω τὸν νόμον I observe an established procedure or principle or system Ro 7:21 (ν. as ‘principle’, i.e. an unwritten rightness of things Soph., Ant. 908). According to Bauer, Paul uses the expression νόμος (which dominates this context) in cases in which he prob. would have preferred another word. But it is also prob. that Paul purposely engages in wordplay to heighten the predicament of those who do not rely on the gospel of liberation from legal constraint: the Apostle speaks of a principle that obligates one to observe a code of conduct that any sensible pers. would recognize as sound and valid ὁ νόμος τ. νοός μου vs. 23b (s. νοῦς 1a). Engaged in a bitter struggle w. this νόμος there is a ἕτερος νόμος which, in contrast to the νοῦς, dwells ἐν τοῖς μέλεσίν μου in my (physical) members vs. 23a, and hence is a νόμος τῆς ἁμαρτίας vs. 23c and 25b or a νόμος τ. ἁμαρτίας καὶ τ. θανάτου 8:2b. This sense prepares the way for the specific perspective

ⓑ of life under the lordship of Jesus Christ as a ‘new law’ or ‘system’ of conduct that constitutes an unwritten tradition ὁ καινὸς ν. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 2:6; in brief ν. Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ IMg 2 (cp. Just., D. 11, 4; 43, 1; Mel., P. 7, 46). Beginnings of this terminology as early as Paul: ὁ ν. τοῦ Χριστοῦ =the standard set by Christ Gal 6:2 (as vs. 3 intimates, Christ permitted himself to be reduced to nothing, thereby setting the standard for not thinking oneself to be someth.). The gospel is a νόμος πίστεως a law or system requiring faith Ro 3:27b (FGerhard, TZ 10, ’54, 401–17) or ὁ ν. τοῦ πνεύματος τῆς ζωῆς ἐν Χρ. Ἰ. the law of the spirit (=the spirit-code) of life in Chr. J. 8:2a. In the same sense Js speaks of a ν. βασιλικός (s. βασιλικός) 2:8 or ν. ἐλευθερίας vs. 12 (λόγος ἐλ. P⁷⁴), ν. τέλειος ὁ τῆς ἐλευθερίας 1:25 (association w. 1QS 10:6, 8, 11 made by EStauffer, TLZ 77, ’52, 527–32, is rejected by SNötscher, Biblica 34, ’53, 193f. On the theme of spontaneous moral achievement cp. Pind., Fgm. 152 [169 Schr.] 1f νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεὺς | θνατῶν τε καὶ ἀθανάτων | ἄγει δικαιῶν τὸ βιαιότατον| ὑπερτάτᾳ χειρί=custom is lord of all, of mortals and immortals both, and with strong hand directs the utmost power of the just. Plut., Mor. 780c interprets Pindar’s use of νόμος: ‘not written externally in books or on some wooden tablets, but as lively reason functioning within him’ ἔμψυχος ὢν ἐν αὐτῷ λόγῳ; Aristot., EN 4, 8, 10 οἷον ν. ὢν ἑαυτῷ; Diod S 1, 94, 1 ν. ἔγγραπτος; cp. also Ovid, Met. 1, 90 sponte sua sine lege fidem rectumque colebat; Mayor, comm. ‘Notes’ 73.—RHirzel, ΑΓΡΑΦΟΣ ΝΟΜΟΣ 1903.). Some would put ὁ νόμος Js 2:9 here (s. LAllevi, Scuola Cattol. 67, ’39, 529–42), but s. 2b below.—Hermas too, who in part interprets Israel’s legal tradition as referring to Christians, sees the gospel, exhibited in Christ’s life and words, as the ultimate expression of God’s will or ‘law’. He says of Christ δοὺς αὐτοῖς (i.e. the believers) τὸν ν., ὅν ἔλαβε παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ Hs 5, 6, 3, cp. Hs 8, 3, 3. Or he sees in the υἱὸς θεοῦ κηρυχθεὶς εἰς τὰ πέρατα τῆς γῆς, i.e. the preaching about the Son of God to the ends of the earth, the νόμος θεοῦ ὁ δοθεὶς εἰς ὅλον. τ. κόσμον 8, 3, 2. Similarly to be understood are τηρεῖν τὸν ν. 8, 3, 4. ὑπὲρ τοῦ ν. παθεῖν 8, 3, 6. ὑπὲρ τοῦ ν. θλίβεσθαι 8, 3, 7. ἀρνησάμενοι τὸν νόμον ibid. βλασφημεῖν τὸν ν. 8, 6, 2.

② constitutional or statutory legal system, law

ⓐ gener.: by what kind of law? Ro 3:27. ν. τῆς πόλεως the law of the city enforced by the ruler of the city (ν. ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι γραπτός Orig., C. Cels. 5, 37, 2); the penalty for breaking it is banishment Hs 1:5f. τοῖς ν. χρῆσθαι observe the laws 1:3; πείθεσθαι τοῖς ὡρισμένοις ν. obey the established laws Dg 5:10; νικᾶν τοὺς ν. ibid. (νικάω 3). Ro 7:1f, as well as the gnomic saying Ro 4:15b and 5:13b, have been thought by some (e.g. BWeiss, Jülicher) to refer to Roman law, but more likely the Mosaic law is meant (s. 3 below).

ⓑ specifically: of the law that Moses received from God and is the standard according to which membership in the people of Israel is determined (Diod S 1, 94, 1; 2: the lawgiver Mneves receives the law from Hermes, Minos from Zeus, Lycurgus from Apollo, Zarathustra from the ἀγαθὸς δαίμων, Zalmoxis from Hestia; παρὰ δὲ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις, Μωϋσῆς receives the law from the Ἰαὼ ἐπικαλούμενος θεός) ὁ ν. Μωϋσέως Lk 2:22; J 7:23; Ac 15:5. ν. Μωϋσέως Ac 13:38; Hb 10:28. Also ὁ ν. κυρίου Lk 2:23f, 39; GJs 14:1. ὁ ν. τοῦ θεοῦ (Theoph. Ant. 2, 14 [p. 136, 4]) Mt 15:6 v.l.; Ro 8:7 (cp. Tat. 7, 2; 32, 1; Ath. 3:2). ὁ ν. ἡμῶν, ὑμῶν, αὐτῶν etc. J 18:31; 19:7b v.l.; Ac 25:8. κατὰ τὸν ἡμέτερον ν. 24:6 v.l. (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 131). ὁ πατρῷος ν. 22:3. τὸν ν. τῶν ἐντολῶν Eph 2:15. Since the context of Ac 23:29 ἐγκαλούμενον περὶ ζητημάτων τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν points to the intimate connection between belief, cult, and communal solidarity in Judean tradition, the term νόμος is best rendered with an hendiadys: (charged in matters) relating to their belief and custom; cp. ν. ὁ καθʼ ὑμᾶς 18:15. Ro 9:31 (CRhyne, Νόμος Δικαιοσύνης and the meaning of Ro 10:4: CBQ 47, ’85, 486–99).—Abs., without further qualification ὁ ν. Mt 22:36; 23:23; Lk 2:27; J 1:17; Ac 6:13; 7:53; 21:20, 28; Ro 2:15 (τὸ ἔργον τοῦ νόμου the work of the law [=the moral product that the Mosaic code requires] is written in the heart; difft. Diod S 1, 94, 1 ν. ἔγγραπτος, s. 1b, above), 18, 20, 23b, 26; 4:15a, 16; 7:1b, 4–7, 12, 14, 16; 8:3f; 1 Cor 15:56; Gal 3:12f, 17, 19, 21a, 24; 5:3, 14; 1 Ti 1:8 (GRudberg, ConNeot 7, ’42, 15); Hb 7:19 (s. Windisch, Hdb. exc. ad loc.), 28a; 10:1; cp. Js 2:9 (s. 1b above); μετὰ τὸν ν. Hb 7:28b; οἱ ἐν τῷ ν. Ro 3:19; κατὰ τὸν ν. according to the (Mosaic) law (Jos., Ant. 14, 173; 15, 51 al.; Just., D. 10, 1) J 19:7b; Ac 22:12; 23:3; Hb 7:5; 9:22. παρὰ τ. νόμον contrary to the law (Jos., Ant. 17, 151, C. Ap. 2, 219; Ath. 1, 3 παρὰ πάντα ν.) Ac 18:13.—νόμος without the art. in the same sense (on the attempt, beginning w. Origen, In Ep. ad Ro 3:7 ed. Lomm. VI 201, to establish a difference in mng. betw. Paul’s use of ὁ νόμος and νόμος s. B-D-F §258, 2; Rob. 796; Mlt-Turner 177; Grafe [s. 3b below] 7–11) Ro 2:13ab, 17, 23a, * 25a; 3:31ab; 5:13, 20; 7:1a (s. above); Gal 2:19b; 5:23 (JRobb, ET 56, ’45, 279f compares κατὰ δὲ τῶν τοιούτων οὐκ ἔστι νόμος Aristot., Pol. 1284a). δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται, ἀνόμοις δὲ … 1 Ti 1:9. Cp. ἑαυτοῖς εἰσιν νόμος Ro 2:14 (in Pla., Pol. and in Stoic thought the wise person needed no commandment [Stoic. III 519], the bad one did; MPohlenz, Stoa ’48/49 I 133; II 75). Used w. prepositions: ἐκ ν. Ro 4:14; Gal 3:18, 21c (v.l. ἐν ν.); Phil 3:9 (ἐκ νόμου can also mean corresponding to or in conformity with the law: PRev 15, 11 ἐκ τῶν νόμων); cp. ἐκ τοῦ νόμου Ro 10:5. διὰ νόμου Ro 2:12b; 3:20b; 4:13; 7:7b; Gal 2:19a, 21; ἐν ν. (ἐν τῷ ν. Iren. 3, 11, 8 [Harv. II 49, 9]) Ro 2:12a, 23; Gal 3:11, 21c v.l.; 5:4; Phil 3:6. κατὰ νόμον 3:5; Hb 8:4; 10:8 (make an offering κατὰ νόμον as Arrian, Anab. 2, 26, 4; 5, 8, 2); χωρὶς ν. Ro 3:21a; 7:8f; ἄχρι ν. 5:13a. ὑπὸ νόμον 6:14f; 1 Cor 9:20; Gal 3:23; 4:4f, 21a; 5:18 (cp. Just., D. 45, 3 οἱ ὑπὸ τὸν ν.).—Dependent on an anarthrous noun παραβάτης νόμου a law-breaker Ro 2:25b ( 27b w. art.); Js 2:11. ποιητὴς ν. one who keeps the law 4:11d (w. art. Ro 2:13b). τέλος ν. the end of the law Ro 10:4 (RBultmann and HSchlier, Christus des Ges. Ende ’40). πλήρωμα ν. fulfilment of the law 13:10. ν. μετάθεσις a change in the law Hb 7:12. ἔργα ν. Ro 3:20a, 28; 9:32 v.l.; Gal 2:16; 3:2, 5, 10a.—(ὁ) ν. (τοῦ) θεοῦ Ro 7:22, 25a; 8:7 because it was given by God and accords w. his will. Lasting Mt 5:18; Lk 16:17 (cp. Bar 4:1; PsSol 10:4; Philo, Mos. 2, 14; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 277).—Used w. verbs, w. or without the art.: ν. ἔχειν J 19:7a; Ro 2:14 (ApcSed 14:5). πληροῦν ν. fulfill the law Ro 13:8; pass. Gal 5:14 (Mel., P. 42, 291). πληροῦν τὸ δικαίωμα τοῦ ν. fulfill the requirement of the law Ro 8:4. φυλάσσειν τὸν ν. observe the law Ac 21:24; Gal 6:13. τὰ δικαιώματα τοῦ ν. φυλάσσειν observe the precepts of the law Ro 2:26; διώκειν ν. δικαιοσύνης 9:31a; πράσσειν ν. 2:25a. ποιεῖν τὸν ν. J 7:19b; Gal 5:3; Ro 2:14b, s. below; τὸν ν. τηρεῖν Js 2:10. τὸν ν. τελεῖν Ro 2:27. φθάνειν εἰς ν. 9:31b. κατὰ ν. Ἰουδαϊσμὸν ζῆν IMg 8:1 v.l. is prob. a textual error (Pearson, Lghtf., Funk, Bihlmeyer, Hilgenfeld; Zahn, Ign. v. Ant. 1873 p. 354, 1 [difft. in Zahn’s edition] all omit νόμον as a gloss and are supported by the Latin versions; s. Hdb. ad loc.). τὰ τοῦ ν. ποιεῖν carry out the requirements of the law Ro 2:14b (ApcSed 14:5; FFlückiger, TZ 8, ’52, 17–42). καταλαλεῖν νόμου, κρίνειν ν. Js 4:11abc. ἐδόθη ν. Gal 3:21a.—Pl. διδοὺς νόμους μου εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν Hb 8:10; cp. 10:16 (both Jer 38:33).—Of an individual stipulation of the law ὁ νόμος τοῦ ἀνδρός the law insofar as it concerns the husband (Aristot., Fgm. 184 R. νόμοι ἀνδρὸς καὶ γαμετῆς.—SIG 1198, 14 κατὰ τὸν νόμον τῶν ἐρανιστῶν; Num 9:12 ὁ ν. τοῦ πάσχα; Philo, Sobr. 49 ὁ ν. τῆς λέπρας) Ro 7:2b; cp. 7:3 and δέδεται νόμῳ vs. 2a (on the imagery Straub 94f); 1 Cor 7:39 v.l.—The law is personified, as it were (Demosth. 43, 59; Aeschin. 1, 18; Herm. Wr. 12, 4 [the law of punishment]; IMagnMai 92a, 11 ὁ ν. συντάσσει; b, 16 ὁ ν. ἀγορεύει; Jos., Ant. 3, 274) J 7:51; Ro 3:19.

③ a collection of holy writings precious to God’s people, sacred ordinance

ⓐ in the strict sense the law=the Pentateuch, the work of Moses the lawgiver (Diod S 40, 3, 6 προσγέγραπται τοῖς νόμοις ἐπὶ τελευτῆς ὅτι Μωσῆς ἀκούσας τοῦ θεοῦ τάδε λέγει τ. Ἰουδαίοις=at the end of the laws this is appended: this is what Moses heard from God and is telling to the Jews. ὁ διὰ τοῦ ν. μεταξὺ καθαρῶν καὶ ἀκαθάρτων διαστείλας θεός Iren. 3, 12, 7 [Harv. II 60, 3]; cp. Hippol., Ref. 7, 34, 1) τὸ βιβλίον τοῦ νόμου Gal 3:10b (cp. Dt 27:26). Also simply ὁ νόμος (Jos., Bell. 7, 162 ὁ ν. or 2, 229 ὁ ἱερὸς ν. of the holy book in a concrete sense) Mt 12:5 (Num 28:9f is meant); J 8:5; 1 Cor 9:8 (cp. Dt 25:4); 14:34 (cp. Gen 3:16); Gal 4:21b (the story of Abraham); Hb 9:19. ὁ ν. ὁ ὑμέτερος J 8:17 (cp. Jos., Bell. 5, 402; Tat. 40, 1 κατὰ τοὺς ἡμετέρους ν.). ἐν Μωϋσέως νόμῳ γέγραπται 1 Cor 9:9. καθὼς γέγραπται ἐν νόμῳ κυρίου Lk 2:23 (γέγραπται ἐν νόμῳ as Athen. 6, 27, 23c; IMagnMai 52, 35 [III B.C.]; Mel., P. 11, 71; cp. Just., D. 8, 4 τὰ ἐν τῷ ν. γεγραμμένα); cp. vs. 24. ἔγραψεν Μωϋσῆς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ J 1:45 (cp. Cercidas [III B.C.], Fgm. 1, 18f Diehl² [=Coll. Alex. p. 204, 29=Knox p. 196] καὶ τοῦθʼ Ὅμηρος εἶπεν ἐν Ἰλιάδι).—The Sacred Scriptures (OT) referred to as a whole in the phrase ὁ ν. καὶ οἱ προφῆται (Orig., C. Cels. 2, 6, 4; cp. Hippol., Ref. 8, 19, 1) the law (הַתּוֹרָה) and the prophets (הַנְּבִיאִים) Mt 5:17; 7:12; 11:13; 22:40; Lk 16:16; Ac 13:15; 24:14; 28:23; Ro 3:21b; cp. Dg 11:6; J 1:45. τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐν τῷ ν. Μωϋσέως καὶ τοῖς προφήταις καὶ ψαλμοῖς Lk 24:44.

ⓑ In a wider sense=Holy Scripture gener., on the principle that the most authoritative part gives its name to the whole (ὁ ν. ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ Theoph. Ant. 1, 11 [p. 82, 15]): J 10:34 (Ps 81:6); 12:34 (Ps 109:4; Is 9:6; Da 7:14); 15:25 (Ps 34:19; 68:5); 1 Cor 14:21 (Is 28:11f); Ro 3:19 (preceded by a cluster of quotations fr. Psalms and prophets).—Mt 5:18; Lk 10:26; 16:17; J 7:49.—JHänel, Der Schriftbegriff Jesu 1919; OMichel, Pls u. s. Bibel 1929; SWesterholm, Studies in Religion 15, ’86, 327–36.—JMeinhold, Jesus u. das AT 1896; MKähler, Jesus u. das AT² 1896; AKlöpper, Z. Stellung Jesu gegenüber d. Mos. Gesetz, Mt 5:17–48: ZWT 39, 1896, 1–23; EKlostermann, Jesu Stellung z. AT 1904; AvHarnack, Hat Jesus das atl. Gesetz abgeschafft?: Aus Wissenschaft u. Leben II 1911, 225–36, SBBerlAk 1912, 184–207; KBenz, D. Stellung Jesu zum atl. Gesetz 1914; MGoguel, RHPR 7, 1927, 160ff; BBacon, Jesus and the Law: JBL 47, 1928, 203–31; BBranscomb, Jes. and the Law of Moses 1930; WKümmel, Jes. u. d. jüd. Traditionsged.: ZNW 33, ’34, 105–30; JHempel, D. synopt. Jesus u. d. AT: ZAW 56, ’38, 1–34.—Lk-Ac: JJervell, HTR 64, ’71, 21–36.—EGrafe, D. paulin. Lehre vom Gesetz² 1893; HCremer, D. paulin. Rechtfertigungslehre 1896, 84ff; 363ff; FSieffert, D. Entwicklungslinie d. paul. Gesetzeslehre: BWeiss Festschr. 1897, 332–57; WSlaten, The Qualitative Use of νόμος in the Pauline Ep.: AJT 23, 1919, 213ff; HMosbech, Pls’ Laere om Loven: TT 4/3, 1922, 108–37; 177–221; EBurton, ICC, Gal 1921, 443–60; PFeine, Theol. des NT⁶ ’34, 208–15 (lit.); PBenoit, La Loi et la Croix d’après S. Paul (Ro 7:7–8:4): RB 47, ’38, 481–509; CMaurer, D. Gesetzeslehre des Pls ’41; PBläser, D. Gesetz b. Pls ’41; BReicke, JBL 70, ’51, 259–76; GBornkamm, Das Ende d. Gesetzes ’63; HRaisänen, Paul and the Law² ’87; PRichardson/SWesterholm, et al., Law in Religious Communities in the Rom. Period, ’91 (Torah and Nomos); MNobile, La Torà al tempo di Paolo, alcune ri-flessioni: Atti del IV simposio di Tarso su S. Paolo Apostolo, ed. LPadovese ’96, 93–106 (lit. 93f, n. 1).—Dodd 25–41.—B. 1358; 1419; 1421. DELG s.v. νέμω Ic. Schmidt, Syn. I 333–47. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

βάτρᾰχος [βᾰ], ὁ,

A frog, Batr.6,18,59, al., Hdt.4.131, etc.: prov., ὕδωρ πίνειν βάτραχος a very frog to drink, Aristopho10.3; βατράχοις οἰνοχοεῖν, of those who give what is not wanted, Pherecr.70.5;

μέλει μοι τῶν τοιούτων ἧττον τῶν ἐν τοῖς τέλμασι β. Jul.Mis. 358a

; χλωρὸς β., of the tree-frog, Thphr.Sign.15.

II = ἁλιεύς, a kind of fish, fishing-frog or sea-angler, Lophius piscatorius, Arist.GA 749a23, Ael. NA13.5.

III frog of a horse's hoof, Gp.16.1.9, Hippiatr.8: hence Astron., of the star β Centauri, Ptol.Alm.8.1.

IV ἐσχάρας εἶδος, Hsch.

V swelling under the tongue, Aët.8.39.—Dial. forms are cited by Gramm.,

1 [dialect] Ion. βάθρακος, cited from Hdt. (prob.4.131) by Sch.Il.4.243, Eust.1570.11, and found in PLond.1.124.31 (iv/v A. D.); [dialect] Ion. also

βότραχος Hp.

ap. Gal.19,

βρόταχος Xenoph.40

(as pr. n., GDI5577,5592).

2

βράταχος Hsch.

(as pr. n., GDI5727d29).

3 Cypr.

βρούχετος Hsch.

4 Phoc. βριαγχόνη Id.

5 Pontic βάβακος Id. Cf. βύρθακος, βρύτιχος.

δάκν-ω, Hippon.49.6 (cj.), A.Th. 399, etc.: [tense] fut.

A

δήξομαι Hp.Nat.Mul.16

, Mul.1.18 (v.l. δάξεται): [tense] pf.

δέδηχα Babr. 77

: [tense] aor. 1 ἔδηξα late, Luc.Asin.9: [tense] aor. 2 (the only tense in Hom.)

ἔδᾰκον Batr.181

, Tyrt.10.32, etc., [dialect] Ep.

δάκε Il.5.493

, redupl.

δέδακε AP12.15

(Strat.): [dialect] Ep. inf.

δακέειν Il.17.572

: —[voice] Pass.,

δάκνομαι Thgn.910

: [tense] fut.

δηχθήσομαι E. Alc. 1100

: [tense] aor.

ἐδήχθην S.Tr. 254

, Ar. Ach.18, etc.; later

ἐδάκην Aret.SD2.2

: [tense] pf.

δέδηγμαι Ar.Ach. 1

, etc.; [dialect] Dor.

δεδαγμένος Pi.P.8.87

, Call.Epigr.50 codd.:—bite, of dogs,

δακέειν μὲν ἀπετρωπῶντο λεόντων Il.18.585

; of a gnat,

ἰσχανάᾳ δακέειν 17.572

; στόμιον δ. champ the bit, A.Pr. 1009; χεῖλος ὀδοῦσι δακών, as a mark of stern determination, Tyrt.l.c.: abs.,

δακὼν ἀνάσχου Men. Sam. 141

; δ. στόμα bite one's tongue, so as to refrain from speaking,

πρὸ τῶν τοιούτων χρὴ λόγων δ. στόμα A.Fr. 397

, cf. S.Tr. 976; δ. ἑαυτόν to bite one's lips for fear of laughing, Ar.Ra.43; so (by a joke παρὰ προσδοκίαν)

δ. θυμόν Id.Nu. 1369

;

δ. χόλον A.R.3.1170

.

II metaph. of pungent smoke and dust, sting, Ar.Ach.18, Lys. 298, Pl. 822; δ. ὄμματα, of dry winds, Hp.Aph.3.17.

III of the mind, bite, sting,

δάκε δὲ φρένας Ἕκτορι μῦθος Il.5.493

, cf. Hes.Th. 567;

ἔδακε λύπη Hdt.7.16

.a';

συμφορὰ δ. A.Pers. 846

; λόφοι δὲ κώδωντ' οὐ δάκνουσ' ἄνευ δορός have no sting, Id.Th. 399;

σαίνουσα δάκνεις S.Fr. 885

;

τὸ δάκνον τῆς συμβουλῆς Jul.Or.7.207d

; of love,

πάντες οἱ ἐν ὥρᾳ τὸν φιλόπαιδα δάκνουσι Pl.R. 474d

:—freq. in [voice] Pass.,

δηχθεῖσα κέντροις.. ἠράσθη E.Hipp. 1303

;

ἔρωτι δεδαγμένος Call.

l.c.; of vexation,

δάκνομαι ψυχήν Thgn.910

; συμφορᾷ δεδαγμένοι Pi.l.c.;

δέδηγμαι καρδίαν Ar.Ach.1

;

ὑπὸ τῆς δαπάνης Id.Nu.12

; πρός τι, ἐπί τινι, at a thing, S.Ph. 378, X.Cyr.4.3.3;

ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ λόγων Pl.Smp. 218a

: c.part.,

ἐδήχθη ἀκούσας X.Cyr.1.4.13

. (Cf.Skt. dáśati 'bite', Goth. tahjan 'tear'.)

ἄδουλ-ος, ον,

A unattended by slaves,

ἄδουλα δώμαθ' ἑστίας E.Andr. 593

: c. gen., τῶν τοιούτων ἄδουλος unattended by.., Ael. N A6.10.

2 having no slaves, too poor to keep a slave, Phryn.Com.18, Plu.2.831b.

II impatient of slavery,

ἀδουλότερος τῶν λεόντων Ph.2.451

.

εὐέμ-βᾰτος, ον,

A easy to get into,

πύαλος Hp.Acut.65

; ψυχὴ οὐδενὶ τῶν τοιούτων βουλευμάτων εὐ. Chio Ep.16.2; τινι εὐ. ἀπολιπεῖν τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ib.15.3.

εὐθήρ-ᾱτος, ον,

A easy to catch or win,

Διὸς ἵμερος οὐκ εὐ. ἐτύχθη A. Supp.87

; ἔτ' εὐ. AP12.105 (Asclep.), cf. Corn.ND28;

στέφανος Plb. 31.25.3

;

εὐ. ὑπὸ τῶν τοιούτων Arist.EN 1110b14

:—[dialect] Ion.[full] εὐθήρητος, v.l. [suff] εὐθήρ-ευτος, Opp.H.5.426.

κᾰθαρ-σις, εως, ἡ, Elean [full] κόθαρσις Schwyzer 412,

A cleansing from guilt or defilement, purification, Hdt.1.35, Pl.Cra. 405a, etc.;

κάθαρσις.. τὸ χωρίζειν ὅτι μάλιστα ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος τὴν ψυχήν Id.Phd. 67c

, cf. Sph. 227c (pl.); cleansing of the universe by fire, Zeno and Chrysipp.Stoic.2.184; cleansing of food by or before cooking, Diocl. Fr.138.

2 clarification,

φυσικῶν προβλημάτων Epicur.Ep.2p.36U.

; καθάρσεως δεῖται needs explanation, Phld.Lib.p.22O.

II Medic., clearing off of morbid humours, etc., evacuation, whether natural or by the use of medicines (cf. Gal.17(2).358), Hp.Aph. 5.36, cf. Acut. (Sp.) 31, etc.; ἰατρικὴ κ. Pl.Lg. 628d; καθάρσεις, the menses in women, Hp.Aph.5.60;

καθάρσεις καταμηνίων Arist. HA 572b29

; so κάθαρσις alone, Id.GA 775b5;

κ. μετὰ τόκον Hp.

Aër. 7; ἡ ἐν τοῖς τόκοις κ. Arist.HA 574b4;

κ. αἵματος αὐτομάτη μοι.. συνέβη D.54.12

.

b τραγῳδία.. δι' ἐλέου καὶ φόβου περαίνουσα τὴν τῶν τοιούτων παθημάτων κ. Arist.Po. 1449b28, cf. Pol. 1341b38.

III pruning of trees, Thphr.CP3.7.12.

IV winnowing of grain, in pl., PTeb.92.10 (ii B.C.);

κ. πυροῦ PRyl.71.9

(i B.C.);

τοῦ καρποῦ Ph.2.57

(sg.).

V clearing of land, PSI6.577.13 (iii B.C.), PPetr.3p.122 (iii B.C.), etc.

κομψ-εύω,

A refine upon, κόμψευέ νυν τὴν δόξαν aye, quibble on the word δόξα (referring to the previous line), S.Ant. 324:—mostly in [voice] Med., to be smart, ingenious, ἥδεσθαι κομψευόμενος to be fond of clever inventions, Hp.Art.70 (glossed πανουργευόμενος, Erot.); ὁ τοῦτο κομψευσάμενος he who invented this subtlety, Pl.R. 489b;

πρέπει.. σοφιστῇ τὰ τοιαῦτα κομψεύεσθαι Id.La. 197d

; κ. ὡς .. Id.R. 436d: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. in med. sense, αὐτὸ τοῦτο καὶ κεκόμψευται he has advanced this dainty paradox, Id.Phdr. 227c;

οἱ τὰ πολιτικὰ κεκομψευμένοι Ph.1.448

.

2 [voice] Pass., of things, προσαγώγιον κεκομψευμένον neatly made, Pl.Phlb. 56c;

ὁ λόγος ὑπὸ τῶν τοιούτων κεκόμψευται σχημάτων D.H.Isoc.14

.

μετάνοια, ἡ,

A change of mind or heart, repentance, regret, Batr.70, Th.3.36, Philem.198, Plb.4.66.7, LXXPr.14.15, Aristeas 188, Plu.2.712c (pl.), etc.;

ἀνίατος γὰρ τῶν τοιούτων μ. Antipho 2.4.12

;

γαμεῖν ὁ μέλλων εἰς μ. ἔρχεται Men.Mon.91

;

ἡ εἰς τὸν θεὸν μ. Act.Ap.20.21

;

μ. ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων Ep.Hebr.6.1

.

II Rhet., afterthought, correction, Rutil.1.16.

παρα-βῐάζομαι,

A do a thing by force against nature or law, LXX De.1.43; use violence,

περὶ τῶν τοιούτων Plb.24.8.3

.

II c. acc., π. τὸν χάρακα force the palisade, Id.21.27.7; π. τινά constrain, compel him, LXX 4 Ki.2.17, al., Ev.Luc.24.29, Act.Ap.16.15; of arguments or explanations,

τὸ ἀδύνατον π. Epicur.Ep.2p.36U.

, Nat. 107 G.; μύθους π. καὶ διαστρέφειν to do them violence, Plu.2.19f, cf. Lyc.6; constrain, c. inf., Onos.19.2 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Act. in Gal.5.287.

πέπλος, ὁ, in late Poets also with heterocl. pl. πέπλα, AP9.616, Epigr.Gr.418 ([place name] Cyrene):—

A any woven cloth used for a covering, sheet, carpet, curtain, veil, to cover a chariot, funeral-urn, seat, Il.5.194, 24.796, Od.7.96 ; laid over the face of the dead, E.Tr. 627, cf. Hec. 432, Ion 1421.

II upper garment or mantle in one piece, worn by women,

π. ἑανός, ποικίλος Il.5.734

, cf. Batr.182, Od.18.292, X.Cyr.5.1.6.

2 at Athens, the embroidered robe carried in procession at the Panathenaea, IG12.80.11 ;

τὸν π... ἕλκουσ', ὀνεύοντες.. εἰς ἄκρον ὥσπερ ἱστίον τὸν ἱστόν Stratt.30

;

ὁ π. μεστὸς τῶν τοιούτων ποικιλμάτων Pl.Euthphr.6c

, cf. E.Hec. 468, Ar.Eq. 566, Arist.Ath.49.3, 60.1.

b metaph. of a mythological work by Aristotle, Porph. ap. Eust.285.25 : pl., Tz.ad Lyc.488.

3 less freq. of a man's robe, esp. of long Persian dresses, A.Pers. 468, 1030 (lyr.), 1060 (lyr.), X.Cyr.3.1.13 ; a man's cloak or robe, S.Tr. 602, al., E.Cyc. 301, Theoc.7.17.

III peritoneum, dub. in Orph.A. 312.

IV wartweed, Euphorbia Peplus, Hp.Superf.32, Dsc.4.167.

προαιρ-ετικός, ή, όν,

A inclined to prefer, deliberately choosing,

τοῦ πλεονεκτεῖν Arist.Pol. 1266b37

, cf. EN 1137b35;

τῶν τοιούτων λόγων Id.Metaph. 1025a3

.

2 abs., purposive, concerned with purpose,

ἔστιν ἄρα ἡ ἀρετὴ ἕξις π. Id.EN 1106b36

;

τῆς ψυχῆς τὸ πρακτικὸν καὶ π.

power of purposing, will,

Plu.Cor.32

, etc.;

π. ἐνέργειαι Ph.1.279

; τὰ π., opp. τὰ ἀπροαίρετα, Arr.Epict.2.10.8;

π. κίνησις Gal.5.520

; π. νεῦρα motor nerves, Diagoras Cypr. ap. Erot. s.v. περόνας, Gal.2.739. Adv. - κῶς of set purpose,

φιλόδωρος Ph.1.342

, cf. Phld.Rh.2.52S.

προφᾰσ-ιστέον,

A excuses must be made, τῷ νέῳ ἐκ τῶν τοιούτων π. Arist.Rh.Al. 1437b7.

τίσις [τῐ], εως, ἡ, ( τίνω; cf. Skt.

A apa-citis 'vengeance') payment by way of return or recompense, retribution, vengeance, Od.2.76, Il. 22.19, Hes.Th. 210, Alcm.23.36, etc.; ἐκ γὰρ Ὀρέσταο τ. ἔσσεται Ἀτρεΐδαο retribution for his murder, Od.1.40; freq. in Hdt., τίσιν δοῦναί τινος suffer punishment for an act, 8.76;

τίσιν τινὶ ἐκτεῖσαι 6.84

;

τ. ἥξει 2.152

, cf. S.OC 228 (anap.); τιμωρίη τε καὶ τ. Hdt.7.8.ά; πρὸς κασιγνήτου τίσιν for him, S.OC 1329; τῶν τοιούτων τ. retribution for such things, Pl.Lg. 870d: pl., Ὀροίτεα Πολυκράτεος τίσιες μετῆλθον (where it may be personified, avengers of P., like Ἐρινύες) Hdt.3.126, 128.

2 power to repay or requite, both in bad and good sense,

φίλων Thgn.337

, cf. 345.

ἀπότομ-ος, ον,

A cut off,

στροφέων ἀ. μῆκος πήχεων πέντε IG11(2).287

A49 (Delos, iii B.C.); esp. sheer, precipitous,

ἀ.ἐστι ταύτῃ ἡ ἀκρόπολις Hdt.1.84

, cf. 4.62;

ἀ. ἐκ θαλάττης Pl.Criti. 118a

;

τὰ ἀ.

precipices,

Philostr.VA3.4

; ἀπότομον ὤρουσεν εἰς ἀνάγκαν, metaph. from one who comes suddenly to the edge of a cliff, S.OT 877 (lyr.). Adv.

-μως, ἔχειν Philostr.VA2.5

.

2 metaph., severe, relentless,

λῆμα E.Alc. 981

(lyr.);

κρίσις LXX Wi.6.6

. Adv. - ως ib.5.22, Plb.18.11.2, Plu.Crass.3, etc.; brusquely, prob. l. in Cic.Att.10.11.5.

b of persons, severe, Ph.2.268.

c of gladiatorial combats, a fight to a finish,

ἑνόζυγον ἀπότομον IGRom. 4.1632

; ἀπότομα alone,

μουσεῖον καὶ Βιβλ. 1876

/8 No.153;

μονομαχιῶν τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀποτόμους Inscr.Magn. 163.10

, cf. IGRom.3.360.9 ([place name] Sagalassus), CIG 2880 ([place name] Branchidae).

3 concise,

συγκεφαλαίωσις Plb.9.32.6

.

4 c. gen., οἱ καθηγητῶν οὕτως ἀπότομοι γενηθέντες offshoots of our founders, Phld.Lib.p.22 O.

5 ἀπότομοι· οὐκ ἐνεργοί, Hsch.: ἀπότομον· τὸν μὴ ἄξιον προσίψεως, Id.

II absolute: Adv. - μως absolutely,

οὐδὲν τῶν τοιούτων ἐστὶν ἀ. οὔτε κακὸν οὔτ' ἀγαθόν Isoc.6.50

, cf. D.61.4;

ἀ. ἀληθής Phld.Mus.p.98

K.; precisely, in the strictest sense,

τοῖς ὀνόμασι χρῆσθαι Isoc.9.10

.